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	Alfred Nobel

	알프레드 노벨 (Alfred Nobel, 1833~1896)

Alfred Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, and inventor. Nobel is best-known as an inventor of dynamite and the founder of the Nobel Prize.

Alfred Nobel was born on October 21, 1833 in Stockholm, Sweden. His father was an engineer that started "torpedo" works. Nobel traveled widely when he was young, and lived in many countries around the world, including Sweden, Russia, France, England, Germany and Italy. By the age of 17, he was fluent in five different languages. He studied chemistry in Paris and returned to Sweden in 1859.

In the 1860's, Nobel began experiments with nitroglycerin in his father's factory. He discovered that a mix of nitroglycerin and a fine porous powder was most effective compound to make explosives. He named this mixture "dynamite". It was five times more powerful than ordinary gunpowder. He established his own factory to produce it, and received a patent in 1867. Nobel's dynamite was first used on a large scale to build the St. Gotthard Tunnel in Switzerland in 1882. He became well-known all over the world because of that. Later, he set up factories around the world to produce dynamite and other explosives. Construction companies, mining companies, and the military ordered large quantities of Nobel's dynamite. Sales of dynamite brought Nobel great wealth. Nobel received an honorary doctorate from Uppsala University in Sweden in 1893.

Although he worked for the majority of his life developing explosives, Nobel was a pacifist. He stated in his last will that he wanted about 94 percent of his wealth to be used to fund awards in the study of Physics, Chemistry, Literature, Physiology or Medicine, and Peace. He said that the awards should be given to those who have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind.
Alfred Nobel passed away on December 10, 1896. The first Nobel prizes for the people who work for mankind were made in 1901 on the 5th anniversary of Nobel's death.


	1. What is Nobel best-known for? 2. How powerful was the “dynamite”? 3. What did he want 94 percent of his wealth to be used?


	1. Describe his life in your own words. 2. How was his explosives contributed to the society? 3. If you were Nobel, what kind of explosives would you like to develop?

Alfred Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, and inventor.
알프레드 노벨은 스웨덴의 화학자, 엔지니어, 그리고 발명가였다.

Nobel is best known / as an inventor of dynamite / and the founder of the Nobel
노벨은 가장 잘 알려져 있다 / 다이너마이트의 발명가로 / 그리고 노벨상의 창립자로.

Prize.

Alfred Nobel was born / on October 21, 1833 / in Stockholm, Sweden.
알프레드 노벨은 태어났다 / 1833년 10월 21일에 / 스웨덴의 스톡홀름에서.

His father was an engineer / that started a "torpedo" works.
그의 아버지는 엔지니어였다 / "어뢰" 제작을 시작한.

Nobel traveled widely / when he was young, / and lived / in many countries / around
노벨은 널리 여행했다 / 젊었을 때, / 그리고 살았다 / 많은 나라에서 / 세계의

the world, / including Sweden, Russia, France, England, Germany and Italy.
/ 스웨덴, 러시아, 프랑스, 영국, 독일 그리고 이탈리아를 포함하여.

By the age of 17, / he was fluent / in five different languages.
17세 무렵에, / 그는 유창했다 / 다섯 개의 다른 언어에.

He studied / chemistry / in Paris / and returned / to Sweden / in 1859.
그는 공부했다 / 화학을 / 파리에서 / 그리고 돌아갔다 / 스웨덴에 / 1859년에.

In the 1860's, / Nobel began experiments / with nitroglycerin / in his father's factory.
1860년대에 / 노벨은 실험을 시작했다 / 니트로글리세린을 가지고 / 그의 아버지 공장에서.

He discovered / that a mix of / nitroglycerin and a fine porous powder / was most
그는 발견했다 / 혼합물이 / 니트로글리세린과 고운 화약의 / 매우

effective compound / to make explosives.
효과적인 합성물질이라는 것을 / 폭약을 만들기에..

He named / this mixture "dynamite".
그는 이름 붙였다 / 이 혼합물을 다이너마이트라고.

It was five times more powerful / than ordinary gunpowder.
그것은 다섯 배 더 강력하다 / 보통 화약보다.

He established / his own factory / to produce it, / and received / a patent / in 1867.
그는 설립했다 / 그 자신의 공장을 / 그것을 생산하기 위해, / 그리고 받았다 / 특허를 / 1867년에.

Nobel's dynamite was first used / on a large scale / to build the St. Gotthard Tunnel /
노벨의 다이나마이트는 처음 사용되었다 / 대규모로 / 성 고트하르트 터널을 짓기 위하여 /

in Switzerland / in 1882.
스위스에서 / 1882년에.

He became well-known / all over the world / because of that.
그는 잘 알려지게 되었다 / 전 세계에 / 그것 때문에.

Later, / he set up / factories / around the world / to produce / dynamite and other
나중에, / 그는 세웠다 / 공장들을 / 전 세계에 / 생산하기 위하여 / 다이너마이트와 다른 폭발물들을.

explosives.

Construction companies, / mining companies, / and the military ordered / large
건축회사, / 광산회사, / 그리고 군대가 주문했다 / 대량의

quantities of Nobel's dynamite.
노벨 다이너마이트를.

Sales of dynamite brought / Nobel great wealth.
다이너마이트의 판매는 가져다주었다 / 노벨에게 굉장한 부를.

Nobel received / an honorary doctorate / from Uppsala University / in Sweden /
노벨은 받았다 / 명예 박사학위를 / 웁살라 대학에서 / 스웨덴의 /

in 1893.
1893년에.

Although he worked / for the majority of his life / developing explosives, / Nobel
비록 그가 일했지만 / 생애의 대부분을 / 폭발물을 개발하면서, / 노벨은

was a pacifist.
평화주의자였다.

He stated / in his last will / that he wanted / about 94 percent of his wealth / to be
그는 말했다 / 그의 마지막 유언장에서 / 그가 원한다고 / 그의 재산의 94퍼센트가 / 사용

used / to fund awards / in the study of / Physics, Chemistry, Literature, Physiology
되기를 / 상의 기금을 마련하는 데 / 부문에 대한 연구에서 / 물리학, 화학, 문학, 생리학

or Medicine, and Peace.
또는 의학, 그리고 평화의.

He said / that the awards / should be given / to those / who have conferred /
그는 말했다 / 그 상이 / 주어져야 한다고 / 사람들에게 / 준 /

the greatest benefit / on mankind.
가장 큰 혜택을 / 인류에게.

Alfred Nobel passed away / on December 10, 1896.
알프레드 노벨은 사망했다 / 1896년 12월 10일에.

The first Nobel prizes / for the people who work for mankind / were made /
첫 번째 노벨상은 / 인류를 위해 일한 사람에 대한 / 제정되었다 /

in 1901 / on the 5th anniversary of Nobel's death.
1901년에 / 노벨 사망 5주년이 되는 해에.