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part51
Cleopatra
Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó(BC.69~BC.30)
Cleopatra was the daughter of the Pharaoh of Egypt. Her father was Ptolemy XII. She was the eldest child of the Pharaoh. When her father died, she became the queen of Egypt. Cleopatra was very smart. She could speak 9 languages! Also, she was famous for her beauty. This week, let's visit ancient Egypt to meet the amazing queen!

Cleopatra was born in 69 BC in Alexandria. Alexandria was the capital of Egypt at the time. In 51 BC, her father passed away. Cleopatra inherited the throne of Egypt with her brother Ptolemy XIII. Cleopatra was 18 when she became the queen of Egypt. She ruled her country alone for 3 years. Her brother was pharaoh in name only. He remained in the background while Cleopatra ruled alone. Ruling the country wasn't easy for the young queen. The Romans were conquering city after city. They were even beginning to gain control over Egypt when Cleopatra took the throne. Keeping the Romans from completely taking over her land was hard for her. She ruled until she was overthrown by one of her father's advisors. She was forced to leave Egypt and move to Syria. Her younger brother became the new ruler of Egypt.

But Cleopatra didn't give up easily. She visited the Roman general Julius Caesar in Alexandria to make a plea to him. When Julius Caesar saw her, he fell in love with her. Her charm overtook
the powerful Caesar. It was love at first sight.

Cleopatra's brother Ptolemy XIII felt he had been betrayed. So he declared war against Caesar and his Roman army. Ptolemy XIII died in the war, and Caesar gained control of the throne of Alexandria. Caesar restored the throne to Cleopatra. She became the queen of Egypt again. Caesar and Cleopatra had a son together. But Caesar died a short time later. Upon his death, Rome began to divide. Cleopatra stayed in favor with the Romans so that they would not take the throne of Egypt away from her. She supported Mark Antony when he prevailed as ruler of the
Roman Empire. Cleopatra and Antony fell in love eventually. However, the Romans were not happy about their love. They felt he was giving away the Roman Empire to Egypt.

Fortune turned against them in 30 BC. Octavian was a man who was also in line for the throne of
the Roman Empire. He was not fond of Mark Antony and Cleopatra. So he declared war on Egypt. He defeated Mark Antony and then had Cleopatra arrested. Cleopatra died at the age of 39. She was the last Pharaoh of Egypt.
1. When was Cleopatra born?
2. When did she become the queen of Egypt?
3. Who was she overthrown by?
1. Have you seen a picture of her? Describe her appearance.
2. What can you learn from her life?
3. If you could become the king or queen, what country would you like to rule? Why?
 
Cleopatra was the daughter / of the Pharaoh of Egypt.
Ŭ·¹¿À ÆÄÆ®¶ó´Â µþÀ̾ú´Ù / ÀÌÁýÆ® ÆĶó¿ÀÀÇ.

Her father was Ptolemy XII.
±×³àÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö´Â ÇÁÅç·¹¸¶ÀÌ¿À½º 12¼¼¿´´Ù.

She was the eldest child / of the Pharaoh.
±×³à´Â Àå³à¿´´Ù / ÀÌ ÆĶó¿ÀÀÇ.

When her father died, / she became / the queen / of Egypt.
±×³àÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö°¡ »ç¸ÁÇßÀ» ¶§, / ±×³à´Â µÆ´Ù / ¿©¿ÕÀÌ / ÀÌÁýÆ®ÀÇ.

Cleopatra was very smart.
Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó´Â ¾ÆÁÖ ¿µ¸®Çß´Ù.

She could speak / 9 languages!
±×³à´Â ¸» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù / 9°³±¹ÀÇ ¾ð¾î¸¦!

Also, / she was famous / for her beauty.
¶ÇÇÑ /±×³à´Â À¯¸íÇß´Ù / ±×³àÀÇ ¾Æ¸§´Ù¿òÀ¸·Î.

Let's visit/ ancient Egypt / to meet / the amazing queen!
¹æ¹®ÇÏÀÚ/ °í´ë ÀÌÁýÆ®¸¦ / ¸¸³ª±â À§ÇØ / ÀÌ ³î¶ó¿î ¿©¿ÕÀ»!

Cleopatra was born / in 69 BC / in Alexandria.
Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó´Â ž´Ù / ±â¿øÀü 69³â¿¡ / ¾Ë·º»êµå¸®¾Æ¿¡¼­.

Alexandria was the capital / of Egypt / at the time.
¾Ë·º»êµå¸®¾Æ´Â ¼öµµ¿´´Ù / ÀÌÁýÆ®ÀÇ / ±× ´ç½Ã¿¡.

In 51 BC, / her father passed away.
±â¿ø Àü 51³â, ±×³àÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁö°¡ »ç¸ÁÇß´Ù.

Cleopatra inherited / the throne of Egypt / with her brother Ptolemy XIII.
Å©·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó´Â ¹°·Á¹Þ¾Ò´Ù / ÀÌÁýÆ® ¿ÕÁ¸¦ / ±×³àÀÇ ³²µ¿»ý ÇÁÅç·¹¸¶ÀÌ¿À½º 13¼¼¿Í ÇÔ²².

Cleopatra was 18 / when she became / the queen / of Egypt.
Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó´Â 18»ìÀ̾ú´Ù / ±×³à°¡ µÆÀ» ¶§ / ¿©¿ÕÀÌ / ÀÌÁýÆ®ÀÇ.

She ruled / her country / alone / for 3 years.
±×³à´Â ÅëÄ¡Çß´Ù / ±×³àÀÇ ³ª¶ó¸¦ / È¥ÀÚ¼­ / 3³â°£.

Her brother was pharaoh / in name only.
±×³àÀÇ ³²µ¿»ýÀº ÆĶó¿À¿´´Ù /À̸§¸¸.

He remained / in the background / while Cleopatra ruled / alone.
±×´Â ³²¾ÆÀÖ¾ú´Ù/ µÚ¿¡ / Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó°¡ ÅëÄ¡ÇÏ´Â µ¿¾È / È¥ÀÚ¼­.

Ruling the country wasn't easy / for the young queen.
³ª¶ó¸¦ ÅëÄ¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ½±Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù / ¾î¸° ¿©¿Õ¿¡°Ô.

The Romans were conquering / city after city.

·Î¸¶ÀεéÀÌ Á¡·ÉÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù / µµ½ÃµéÀ» Çϳª¾¿.

They were even beginning / to gain control / over Egypt / when Cleopatra took / the throne.
±×µéÀº ½ÉÁö¾î ½ÃÀÛÇÏ°í ÀÖ¾ú´Ù / ÅëÄ¡±ÇÀ» ¾ò´Â °ÍÀ» / ÀÌÁýÆ®ÀÇ / Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó°¡ ¾ò¾úÀ» ¶§ / ¿ÕÁ¸¦.

Keeping the Romans / from completely taking over her land / was hard / for her.
·Î¸¶ÀεéÀ» ¸·´Â °ÍÀº / ±×³àÀÇ ¿µÅ並 ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ Á¡·ÉÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ / ¾î·Á¿î ÀÏÀ̾ú´Ù / ±×³à¿¡°Ô.

She ruled / until she was overthrown / by one of her father's advisors.
±×³à´Â ÅëÄ¡Çß´Ù / ±×³à°¡ Àüº¹ ´çÇÒ ¶§±îÁö / ±×³àÀÇ ¾Æ¹öÁöÀÇ °í¹®µé Áß ÇÑ ¸í¿¡ ÀÇÇØ.

She was forced / to leave Egypt / and move / to Syria.
±×³à´Â °­¿ä¸¦ ´çÇß´Ù / ÀÌÁýÆ®¸¦ ¶°³¯ °ÍÀ» / ±×¸®°í ¿Å°Ü °¡±â¸¦ / ½Ã¸®¾Æ·Î.

Her younger brother became / the new ruler / of Egypt.
±×³àÀÇ ³²µ¿»ýÀº µÆ´Ù / »õ·Î¿î ÅëÄ¡ÀÚ°¡ / ÀÌÁýÆ®ÀÇ.

But / Cleopatra didn't give up / easily.
ÇÏÁö¸¸ / Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó´Â Æ÷±âÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù / ½±°Ô.

She visited / the Roman general Julius Caesar / in Alexandria / to make a plea / to him.
±×³à´Â ¹æ¹®Çß´Ù / ·Î¸¶ À屺 À²¸®¿ì½º ½ÃÀú¸¦ / ¾Ë·º»êµå¸®¾Æ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â / ÀÚºñ¸¦ ¿äûÇϱâ À§ÇØ / ±×¿¡°Ô.

When Julius Caesar saw her, / he fell in love / with her.
À²¸®¿ì½º ½ÃÀú°¡ ±×³à¸¦ ºÃÀ» ¶§, / ±×´Â »ç¶û¿¡ ºüÁ³´Ù / ±×³à¿Í.

Her charm overtook / the powerful Caesar.
±×³àÀÇ ¸Å·ÂÀº ¾ÐµµÇß´Ù / °­ÇÑ ½ÃÀú¸¦.

It was love / at first sight.
±×°ÍÀº »ç¶ûÀ̾ú´Ù / ù´«¿¡ ºüÁø.

Cleopatra's brother Ptolemy XIII felt / he had been betrayed.
Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶óÀÇ ³²µ¿»ý ÇÁÅç·¹¸¶ÀÌ¿À½º 13¼¼´Â ´À²¼´Ù / ±×°¡ ¹è½ÅÀ» ´çÇß´Ù°í.

So / he declared / war / against Caesar / and his Roman army.
±×·¡¼­ / ±×´Â ¼±Æ÷Çß´Ù / ÀüÀïÀ» / ½ÃÀú¿¡°Ô / ±×¸®°í ±×ÀÇ ·Î¸¶±º´ë¿¡°Ô.

Ptolemy XIII died / in the war, / and Caesar gained / control / of the throne of Alexandria.
ÇÁÅç·¹¸¶ÀÌ¿À½º 13¼¼´Â Á×¾ú´Ù / ÀüÀï¿¡¼­ / ±×¸®°í ½ÃÀú°¡ ¾ò¾ú´Ù / ÅëÄ¡±ÇÀ» / ¾Ë·º»êµå¸®¾Æ ¿ÕÁÂÀÇ

Caesar restored / the throne / to Cleopatra.
½ÃÀú´Â µÇã¾ÆÁÖ¾ú´Ù / ¿ÕÁ¸¦ / Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó¿¡°Ô.

She became / the queen / of Egypt / again.
±×³à´Â µÆ´Ù / ¿©¿ÕÀÌ / ÀÌÁýÆ®ÀÇ / ´Ù½Ã.

Caesar and Cleopatra had / a son / together.
½ÃÀú¿Í Ŭ·¹¿À ÆÄÆ®¶ó´Â °¡Á³´Ù / ¾ÆµéÀ» / ÇÔ²².

But / Caesar died / a short time later.
ÇÏÁö¸¸ / ½ÃÀú´Â »ç¸ÁÇß´Ù / ¸ÓÁö¾Ê¾Æ.

Upon his death,/ Rome began/ to divide.
±×°¡ Á×ÀÚ¸¶ÀÚ, / ·Î¸¶´Â ½ÃÀÛÇß´Ù / ºÐ¿­À».

Cleopatra stayed / in favor / with the Romans / so that they would not take / the throne / of Egypt/ away from her.
Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó´Â À¯ÁöÇß´Ù / ¿ìÈ£ÀûÀ¸·Î / ·Î¸¶Àε鿡°Ô / ±×·¡¼­ ±×µéÀÌ »©¾ÑÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï / ¿ÕÁ¸¦ / ÀÌÁýÆ®ÀÇ / ±×³à·ÎºÎÅÍ

She supported / Mark Antony / when he prevailed / as ruler / of the Roman Empire.
±×³à´Â ÁöÁöÇß´Ù / ¸¶Å© ¾ÈÅä´Ï¸¦ / ±×°¡ ±º¸²ÇßÀ» ¶§ / ÅëÄ¡Àڷνá / ·Î¸¶ Á¦±¹ÀÇ.

Cleopatra and Antony fell in love / eventually.
Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó¿Í ¾ÈÅä´Ï´Â »ç¶û¿¡ ºüÁ³´Ù / °á±¹

However, / the Romans were not happy /about their love.
ÇÏÁö¸¸, / ·Î¸¶ÀεéÀº ÇູÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù / ±×µéÀÇ »ç¶û¿¡ ´ëÇØ

They felt / he was giving away / the Roman Empire / to Egypt.
±×µéÀº ´À²¼´Ù / ±×°¡ Àú¹ö¸° °ÍÀ̶ó°í / ·Î¸¶ Á¦±¹À» / ÀÌÁýÆ®¿¡°Ô.

Fortune turned / against them / in 30 BC.
¿î¸íÀº µîÀ» µ¹·È´Ù / ±×µé¿¡°Ô¼­ / ±â¿øÀü 30³â¿¡.

Octavian was a man / who was also in line / for the throne / of the Roman Empire.
¿ÁƼºñ¾Æ´©½º´Â ÇÑ ³²ÀÚ ¿´´Ù/ ±× ÁÙ¿¡ ¼­ ÀÖ¾ú´ø / ¿ÕÁ¸¦ À§ÇÑ / ·Î¸¶Á¦±¹ÀÇ.

He was not fond / of Mark Antony and Cleopatra.
±×´Â ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù / ¸¶Å© ¾ÈÅä´Ï¿Í Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó¿¡ ´ëÇØ.

So / he declared / war / on Egypt.
±×·¡¼­ / ±×´Â ¼±Æ÷Çß´Ù / ÀüÀïÀ» / ÀÌÁýÆ®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ.

He defeated / Mark Antony / and then / had Cleopatra arrested.
±×´Â Æйè½ÃÄ×´Ù / ¸¶Å© ¾ÈÅä´Ï¸¦ / ±×¸®°í ³ª¼­ / Ŭ·¹¿À ÆÄÆ®¶ó¸¦ üÆ÷Çß´Ù.

Cleopatra died / at the age of 39.
Ŭ·¹¿ÀÆÄÆ®¶ó´Â »ç¸ÁÇß´Ù / 39»ìÀÇ ³ªÀÌ·Î.

She was the last Pharaoh / of Egypt.
±×³à´Â ¸¶Áö¸· ÆĶó¿À¿´´Ù / ÀÌÁýÆ®ÀÇ.
 





















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